Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is and Why It Matters

Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where one or more of the parathyroid glands make too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). Too much PTH raises calcium levels in the blood, which can affect bones, kidneys and the way your heart works. Most people don’t know they have it until a blood test shows high calcium, but the symptoms can be subtle at first.

Common Symptoms You Should Watch For

Even mild hyperparathyroidism can cause tiredness, frequent thirst, or mild stomach upset. Some people notice bone pain or get fractures more easily because high calcium leaches calcium from bones. Kidney stones are another red flag – if you’ve ever passed a rock‑like pellet, ask your doctor to check your calcium levels. Others complain of vague mood swings, trouble concentrating, or feeling “off” without a clear reason. If you notice a combo of these signs, especially together, it’s worth getting a simple blood test.

How Doctors Diagnose and Treat Hyperparathyroidism

Diagnosis starts with a blood test that measures calcium and PTH. If both are high, the doctor may order an ultrasound or a special scan called a sestamibi scan to locate the overactive gland. Most cases are “primary” – meaning a single gland is overworking. Treatment depends on how severe the calcium rise is and whether you have symptoms.

For mild cases, doctors may recommend staying hydrated, limiting calcium‑rich foods and avoiding vitamin D supplements unless prescribed. Regular monitoring is key – you’ll likely have blood work every six months. If calcium stays high or you develop stones, bone loss or heart issues, surgery to remove the problematic gland is usually the best fix. The procedure is minimally invasive and most patients feel better within weeks.

After surgery, you might need a short course of calcium or vitamin D to keep levels steady while your remaining glands adjust. Follow‑up blood tests confirm everything is back to normal. Even if you skip surgery, lifestyle changes like low‑salt diet, adequate exercise and staying off soda can help control calcium spikes.

Bottom line: hyperparathyroidism is common but manageable. Spotting the signs early, getting the right tests and discussing treatment options with your doctor can prevent complications and get you back to feeling normal.